Numerous technologies have been used to mediate the down-regulation of gene expression. For example, anti-sense oligonucleotides and ribozymes have been used for more than a decade to target specific RNAs for degradation. Though these methods worked reasonably in some experimental models, they have failed to deliver effective gene silencing in complex mammalian systems. Naturally RNA interference is an important pathway that is used in many different organisms to regulate gene expression. In recent years, extraordinary developments in RNA interference methodologies due to numerous sophisticated scientific advancements have created an avenue that made the small interfering RNAs (siRNA) as the method of choice to target specific genes for silencing. Also it was explored that, like RNA interference, equivalent cellular pathways do exist in mammalian cells. So it was now evident that RNAi, more specifically, siRNA could be exploited as a tool to study mammalian gene function as well as to down-regulate gene expression for treating various diseases in human and other species, to extend the application of RNAi for crop improvement program.
Keywords: RNAi, gene expression, oligonucleotides

A simple, rapid, selective and quantitative HPTLC method has been developed for determination of Gallic acid in Ayurvedic formulations of Chitrak Haritaki of different manufactures. The alcoholic extract of Chitrak Haritaki, Haritaki fruit and Amalaki fruit samples were applied on TLC Aluminium plate pre coated with Silicagel60 GF254 and developed using Toluene : Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (5:4:1) v/v as a mobile phase. The plate was sprayed (derivatized) with 0.1% Ferric Chloride solution and detection and quantification were carried out densitometrically using anUV detector at wavelength of 254 nm. Content of marker compound in the samples were found similar.
Keywords: Chitrak Haritaki, Haritaki fruit, Amalaki fruit, Gallic acid, Standardisation, HPTLC.

Aim of this proposal is to design a new chronotherapeutic system for LCH with high potential benefits in treating cardiovascular drugs. The proposed system is a colonic system: A compression coated tablets using chitosan. This new system would benefit from the release in the distal intestinal or the colon, this may exhibit better LCH drug profile comparing a timed-release profile with short lag time of absorption followed by extended higher blood level. This proposed system will be suitable for treatment for cardiovascular diseases with maximum protection against early strokes of the disease. Coating thickness decides the lag time of drug release from the formulation. The order of drug release from the formulations are P3>P6>P5>P1>P4.
Key words: Lercanidipine HCl (LCH), chitosan, chronotherapeutic system

The anticancer activities of different concentrations of Lamotrigine individually and in combination with 5-Fluorouracil were investigated for in vitro cytotoxicity by trypan blue exclusion method using k562 and Colo 320 cell lines. Lamotrigine individually had shown the potent anticancer activity and significantly on k562 cell lines at 100μM, but efficacy is more in combination of Lamotrigine and 5-Fluorouracil and lesser than 5-Fluorouracil on both the cell lines. In additional to this a safe MTD of combination of Lamotrigine and 5-Fluorouracil was also determined in Swiss albino mice for further in vivo anticancer activity. The toxicity of the both the drugs has been reduced remarkably at this concentration.
Key words: Anticancer activities, Lamotrigine, 5-Fluorouracil, k562, Colo 320 cell lines

The present work reports on a rapid isolation of a colourless, pentacyclic triterpene lupeol from Crateava nurvala Buch Ham by the use of newly developed microwave assisted extraction. Several extraction parameters such as temperature, time, and amount of solvent were optimized first. The conventional heating for 12 h provided 0.616 % lupeol and by microwave heating at 210 W for 20 min, the yield was 0.718 %. The results suggested that the proposed microwave method was effective, alternative and superior to soxhlet extraction for the extraction of lupeol. The isolated compounds were found to be same by UV, HPTLC, and 1H-NMR studies. The isolated lupeol was tested for in vitro antioxidant activity, and showed a potent free radical scavenging activity.
Key Words: Crateava nurvala, Microwave Assisted Extraction, Lupeol, Triterpene, Antioxidant activity.

A mushroom is fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source. People have used mushrooms medicinally and as food for thousands of years. The oldest written reference to people using mushrooms medicinally is from an Ayurvedic source1. The Chinese have one of the most sophisticated uses of medicinal mushrooms and have a written history of using them that dates back several thousand years as well. The Greeks and Romans ate mushrooms frequently. The Greeks said mushrooms were the “Food of the Gods.”

Acne vulgaris is a common skin disorder affecting more than 85% population of the world, specifically teenagers and adolescents. Antibiotics have been used to treat Acne. However, antibiotic resistance has been increasing in prevalence within the dermatologic setting. To overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance, medicinal plants have been extensively studied as alternative treatments for skin diseases. Herbal medication are considered safer than allopathic medicines, since allopathic medicines are associated with side effects like contact allergy, local irritation, scaling, photosensitivity, itching, pruritis, redness, skin peeling, cirrhosis of the skin. The present study, has been aimed to develop a topical formulation (Gel) containing hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum, Aloe vera, Curcuma longa, Acalypha indica which have been reported for their antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities. The developed formulation was examined for physical parameters such as colour, consistency, odour, pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, washability and invitro antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acne, Staphylococcus albus and Staphylococcus aureus which are frequently involved in acne inflammation and compared with the marketed formulation.
Key words : Acne Vulgaris , Anti Acne gel.

A herbal gel formulation was made by using Quercetin and Kaempferol. Formulation efficacy study was carried out using the initiator 7, 12 Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) and with promoter croton oil induced skin carcinoma on albino mice. The parameters of tumour incidence, tumour burden, tumour volume, tumour weight and the morphological examinations were studied. Results revealed that the formulated herbal gel have a fine effect to suppress the tumour in albino mice with the concentration of 20 mg/kg as compared to DMBA treated and standard group.
Key words: Herbal gel, (Quercetin and Kaempferol), 7, 12 Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA), croton oil induced skin carcinoma